grover_density_01

Figure 1: Using the SMR (Left) to measure the buoyant mass of a cell in two fluids of different densities. Measurement starts with the cantilever filled with any buffer or media less dense than the cell (red, step 1). The density of the red fluid is determined from the baseline resonance frequency of the cantilever. When a cell passes through the cantilever (step 2), the cell’s buoyant mass in the red fluid is calculated from the height of the peak in the resonance frequency. The direction of fluid flow is then reversed, and the resonance frequency of the cantilever drops as the cantilever fills with a fluid denser than the cell (blue, step 3). The cell’s buoyant mass in the blue fluid is measured as the cell transits the cantilever a second time (step 4). From these four measurements of fluid density and cell buoyant mass, the absolute mass, volume, and density of the cell are calculated.

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